What was the Articles of Confederation?

The Articles of Confederation served as the first plan of government for the United States, establishing a framework for a loose union of states. Drafted in 1777 and ratified in 1781, this document was designed to unite the thirteen independent states, allowing them to work together for mutual defense and common interests, particularly after the American Revolution.

The Articles created a system where each state retained significant autonomy, reflecting the founders' concerns about strong central authority, thus leading to a confederation where the states held more power than the national government. This arrangement had profound implications, as it resulted in challenges such as the inability of the national government to levy taxes, regulate commerce, or enforce laws effectively, ultimately highlighting the need for a stronger federal government.

The other choices describe different aspects or historical events unrelated to the Articles of Confederation. For example, the Articles are not a set of amendments; such changes were later made through the Bill of Rights. They were also not a treaty, but rather an agreement among the states, and they preceded the Constitution, which replaced them. The Articles’ role as the first constitution emphasizes their significance as a foundational document, but their structure as a loose union is what primarily characterizes their essence and function.